Beverage dispensing device



May 3, 1949. B. G. COPPING BEVERAGE DISPENSING DEVICE Filed Dec. 9, 1943 H mi 6 H H n 2 5 m a H m E M O a M Q 0 Y 6 5 MB 3 7 6 L U {a 2 u n 1% m 7 12 5 Z L M a 9 w w m "0% MW y 1949- B. G. COPPING 2,469,327

BEVERAGE DISPENSING DEVICE Filed Dec. 9, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I INVENTOR. 1:= .5 3,9005 6.. co pm/a,

A TrOH/VE') Patented May 3, 1949 UNITED STATES BEVERAGE DISPENSING DEVECE Application December 9, 1943, Serial No. 513,577

6 Claims.

This invention relates to dispensing devices, and more particularly to a new and improved automatic valve for dispensing carbonated water together with a fixed quantity of syrup, in conjunction with a new grooved-type capillary nozzle; the composite device having preferred use at soda fountains and the like in the merchandising of soft drinks.

It has long been a problem to consistently dispense an exact quantity of beverage syrup, along with highly carbonated Water which increases the potability of the finished drink. In addition, devices of this general type present problems in sanitation, since the cleaning thereof is often difiicult. The present invention is concerned with the solution of these and other problems.

An object of the instant invention is to provide an automatic valve which is simple and accurate in its operation and construction.

Another object is to provide a no-drip feature in a dispenser, whereby the flow of all syrup instantly ceases when the device is cut off.

Another object is to provide straight-through how in such an instrumentality.

Another object is to provide ease of access in a dispenser whereby the entire syrup system is readily exposed for cleaning purposes.

Another object is to provide improved mix of syrup and carbonated water in a dispenser.

A still further object is to provide high carbonation in such a device.

Another object is to provide cheapness of construction.

Another object is to make possible mass production of beverage dispensers.

These and other objects are accomplished by means of the instant invention, a full and complete understanding of which is facilitated by reference to the drawings herein, in which:

Fig. 1 is substantially a vertical sectional view of the dispenser, taken through the approximate center thereof.

Fig. 2 is a slightly enlarged horizontal sectional view taken along the line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged horizontal sectional View taken along the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged side-elevational view of a portion of the improved nozzle member employed;

Fig. 5 is a greatly enlarged fragmentary top view of the center portion of said nozzle member, showing one of the V-shaped grooves therein; and

Fig. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary view illustrating a modification of said nozzle.

Referring now to the drawings, it will be noted that the dispenser consists of two main parts, to-wit, the carbonated water dispensing system; and the system for measuring and dispensing a iixed quantity of syrup.

A 7 valve body it may be supported within a metallic shell 6 i insulated as at E2 in conjunction with a syrup tank it, as is described in detail hereinafter. Carbonated water is supplied to the valve through the inlet passage i i, and thence enters the valve through the valve seat insert i5, the flow of carbonated water entering the valve being controlled by the valve it, in which are set rubber valve disks ii. The valve it and said rubber disks are h ld upward to close the valve insert it: by means of push rods i8, which are, in turn, pressed upward by the flange it on the outer sleeve which is normally held in the lull-up position by a spring 2i acting on nut 22.

Inside the outer sleeve 25 is a syrup tube 23, which tube is free to slide within said outer sleeve, and is normally held in an upward position by the spring 2d acting on the syrup tube nut 25.

A rubber diaphragm 2E3 seals between the syrup tube 23 and the main body it of the valve, thus preventing the escape of any syrup at this point. Said diaphragm is, however, sufhciently flexible to permit the free vertical motion of the syrup tube '23. On the lower end of the syrup tube is attached a nozzle assembly 2?.

28 is a syrup valve assembly which consists of the how shut-off valve 29 connected to 28 by rod 29a, the supply shut-01f valve til, the air-check valve 3 i, the air-vent tube 32, and a lifting handle 33. This valve is so arranged relative to the syrup tube 23 and the supply valve seat 36 that when the syrup tube is in the full upward or closed position, the flow shut-oif valve 29 seats at 35 at the top of syrup nozzle while the supply shutoff valve is raised an appreciable distance oil the supply valve seat 3%.

is cylindrically shaped straining element, the diameter of this element and the syrup valve assembly being such as to maintain a fairly close clearance between these two elements, notwithstanding which it will be seen that by lifting upwardly on the handle 33 the entire syrup valve assembly may be removed from the unit so as to permit complete and easy washing of t eee parts, and of the valve through which syrup passes.

The main support sleeve 38 is permanently cast into main body ill, and provides a support within which outer sleeve 28 and the syrup tube 23 are free to slide.

Mounted on the outside of support sleeve 38 is the grooved-type capillary nozzle 39, special attention now being directed thereto:

Element 4!! is a plug preferably of cylindrical contour, upon the surface of which has been cut a plurality of longitudinal grooves ll (see Figs. 4 and 5), which grooves are of such cross-sectional dimensions and lengths as to conform withthe theory of viscous flow as described and set forth at length in my co-pending patent application, Serial No. 480,108, Automatic valve for dispensing and proportioning syrups and carbonated water, filed March 22, 1943, of which the present case is a continuation in part. 42 is a cylindrical sleeve, which is shrunk fit upon cylindrical plug 40. The lower end of said plug is tapered oil to a smaller diameter as at 23, and the lower inside face of sleeve 42 is tapered outwardly as at M, with the result that when the parts are in position, an annular space 35 is formed at the discharge end of grooves M, which annular space has a gradually enlarging cross-section. 35 is a wire screen of reasonably fine mesh, which is held across the lower end of annular space 45 by shoulder 4! of ring piece 58 bearing on retaining ring-washer 49, which screws into outer sleeve 50; said sleeve, in turn, engaging the main body portion iii of the valve, in a similar manner.

From Fig. 3 it will be apparent that when sleeve 42 is shrunk onto plug it, the inner face of the sleeve closes off the open side of the grooves 4!, and, in effect, creates a number of passages running longitudinally through the nozzle, said passages in the form shown having approximately a triangular section, although this is not essential to the invention, it bein apparent that said grooves may have a rectangular cross-section, a square cross-section, or a semi-circular cross-section, or, in fact, any de sired shape, although the V contour is deemed preferable because it gives a very excellent hydraulic radius, and because it is a practical shape to manufacture.

At this point it may be in order to consider at some length the basic theories underlyin the design of the instant nozzle. In handling carbonated water it is not only helpful to cause the stream of liquid passing from a storage container into an instrumentality such as a glass which is open to the atmosphere, to flow through a conduit which is so designed that turbulence is reduced to a minimum; but it is also desirable to so conduct the liquid to the point of discharge in such a manner that there is a gradual, instead of a sudden pressure drop, there being a minimum separation of carbonic acid gas out of the liquid when such is discharged at relatively low velocity and. pressure. The grooved-type capillary nozzle herein is designed with these considerations in mind, delivering a stream of carbonated water into a container at atmospheric pressure, in a highly desirable manner, a gradual pressure drop being elfected and high carbonation maintained for this reason, and a non-turbulent flow being likewise achieved, the net result being delivery of carbonated water under the most optimum conditions.

In this connection, it will be noted that the large number of V-shaped grooves in nozzle element 40 are relied upon to absorb the pressure energy of the carbonated water as it flows through the nozzle, without causing it to depart from streamline flow and become turbulent, the effect being such that the carbonated water is delivered at the lower end of the energy-absorb- 4 ing at very low pressure, and with retardation of velocity effected by means of screen 46 co-opcrating with opening 65, the water runs downwardly to mix with syrup issuing from element 35 under conditions which guarantee maximum potability of the finished drink.

It is apparent that various structures may be employed for achieving the relatively slow uniform pressure drop in the carbonated liquid as it approaches the mouth of the discharge nozzle, while maintaining streamline flow. For a dispenser of the instant type, the pressure reducin means illustrated has been found practical, being of simple design and easily cleaned.

It will be understood that in the design of the pressure-reducin means the character of the liquid which is to be dispensed must be given full consideration, with particular reference to its absolute viscosity anddensity.

It is known for example that the absolute viscosity anddensity of a liquid to be handled should be known in order to determine the maximum velocity of how which may be permitted to occur while maintaining streamline flow, i. e.,

without causing turbulence or transverse movements of the particles of flowing liquid. As prev iously stated, the flow of carbonated water from a tank to a receiving vessel should be streamline or non-turbulent if the loss of absorbed gas is to be minimized. Hence, as a primary consideration in the design of a pressure reducing means which comes within the import of the present forces involved to the viscous forces. ,One

method of determinin the critical velocity of a given liquid flowing through a pipe or conduit involves the comi'iutation of what is calledthe Reynolds number for that liquid, the Reynolds number of the liquid determined from the following equation:

Pipe diameterXfluid velocity Re kinematic .viscosity Re N /2 where D=pipe diameter V=fiuid velocity u=abso1ute viscosity p=density of liquid when the Reynolds number exceeds an upper critical value of from 1500 to 3000 turbulent flow occurs, whereas, when the Reynolds number is below this critical value streamline flow occurs. With the knowledge in that the Reynolds number may not be exceeded if streamlike flow is to be maintained, and thatthe diameter of the pipe through which the liquid flows, as well as the absolute velocity and density of the liquid are factors ,inthe Reynolds number formula, the design of .a specific means for effecting the necessary pressure drop in the flowing liquid can be undertaken with the aid of further formulae of proven value heretofore used inthe design of conduits utilized for. the transmission of fiow ing liquids.

It has been previously said that the carbonated liquid must be stored under considerable pressure. In this state, the liquid has potential, or stored-up, energy by virtue of its pressure. Before the drink can come to rest in a glass or cup, this energy must be used up. One way of using up this potential energy, which is now almost universally used, is to allow the liquid to squirt out through a small nozzle. In this case, the potential energy is immediately converted into kinetic, or velocity, energy, and causes the liquid to come rushing out at velocity far above the critical velocity for streamlike flow. The turbulent stream of liquid thus created hits violently into the glass, and the velocity energy is eventually turned into heat in the liquid through the violent turbulence of the liquid in the glass.

There is another way in which the potential, or stored-up energy of the liquid may be used up. That is by arranging to have the potential energy used up by the friction created during the how of the liquid through the dispensing system. It is possible to use up virtually all of the energy of the liquid in friction, so that the liquid issues from the discharge end of the nozzle at atmospheric pressure, and virtually no velocity, and the present invention contemplates the utilization of a friction means for accomplishing this objective. In the design of such a means to act upon a selected liquid, which shall be capable of practical use, it is desirable to first consider the Reynolds number equation above set forth.

The kinematic viscosity is constant for a given liquid at fixed temperature, so that the Reynolds number varies as the product of the pipe diameter and the velocity. The significant feature of this is that, by making the pipe very small, we can make the velocity very high and still have the same Reynolds number, i. e., less than 3000, and maintain streamline flow.

commonly used equation for flow of liquids in pipes is as follows:

-(hit) WHEIBI hf=loss of pressure due to friction f=a coeihcient depending on Reynolds number L=length of the pipe D diameter of pipe V=velocity of flow g:acceleration due to gravity ation of this formula shows that the loss of pressure due to friction in the pipe increases as the square of the velocity and inversely as the diameter or" the pipe. Thus, if the pipe is made large and the velocity increased ten times (as reay he done without causing turbulent flcyz), the length of pipe needed to use up the pre -e in the liquid under these conditions will only be hm of what it was before. t is naturally necessary to inc ease the number of pipes as they are made smaller, in order to carry the same quan 'ty of liquid. This increase must be in inverse proportion to the change in diameter. That is, if it is decided to reduce the diameter to and increase the velocity ten times, as above, then ten of the small pipes will be needed to the same quantity of liquid per second a the original pipe.

The important characteristic of a small tube, which governs the friction loss in that tube, is the ratio:

Cross section area Wetted perimeter in other Words, the ratio of the frictional surface to the thickness of the stream. This ratio is known as the hydraulic radius. The significant point to note, in this connection is that all fluid ducts, of whatever cross sectional shape, will behave the same as regards friction loss, provided that they have the same hydraulic radius. if it be assumed that N small tubes must be utilized in the construction of a nozzle of the type contemplated and that each has a diameter, inside, of D inches, the hydraulic radius of each tube is then:

X section area Wetted perimeter The total area of all the tubes together is:

What is desired, therefore, is a duct of some sort, so shaped that its hydraulic radius of such size that the X-section area (a) Required rate of discharge=5 fl. oz. in 5 secs.

=.00l066 cu. ft./sec. ([2) Required pressure drop thru nozz1e=l00 lbs.

=231 it. of water (0) Required length of capillaries=.l45 ft. ((1) Temperature of Water=40 F. (e) Viscosity of water=.00104 lbs/sec. ft. (j) Density of water=62.45 lbs/cu. ft.

N Xarea of each-=- It is required to determine the size, and number of passages required to dispense carbonated Water, at the above rate, under the above conditions, and maintain streamline flow throughout.

To simplify calculations it is assumed first that the capillary passages will have a circular cross-section and the diameter of such passages is determined. The size of an equivalent passage of triangular section is then worked out.

Reynolds number The criterion used in determining Whether or not streamline flow prevails is the Reynolds number.

Reynolds No.

where D=diameter of passage V=velocity of flow P=density of liquid viscosity of liquid When the Reynolds number is below a value of about 1500 complete streamline flow will prevail. A value of between 1500 and 3000 india ieasav Value of DXV Reynolds No.

To find D and V The basic formula for the flow of fluids thru closed passages is:

where:

h =loss of head (in feet of water) L=length of passage V= velocity of flow D=diameter of passage g=acceleration due to gravity f=a factor depending upon the Reynolds No.

For streamline flow Substitute in Equation 2 the various values heretofore indicated:

.0427 X .145 X V Because for practical reasons the largest possible passages commensurate with streamline flow are desired the value 1500 is selected for the Reynolds number.

There has been thus established the diameter of a cylindrical passage to fulfill the specified condition. It remains to be determined, first, the size of an equivalent V-groove, and, secand, the number of such grooves required to provide the specified rate of discharge.

Equivalent V-groove Hydraulic radius= area For triangular section hyd. rad.

For equivalent V-groove h=a sin 60 .01324X .866 .01146 inch N o. of passages required The velocity of flow at 39.2 feet/sec. has been determined. There is required a total discharge of .001066 cubic ft./sec. The combined crosssection area of all grooves required will therefore be:

392 .0000272 sq. ft.

Cross-section area of one V-groove of side a Cross-section area of 1 V-groove .0'0o000527 sq. ft.

To find the total number of grooves required it is only necessary to divide the .total area required by the cross-section area of a single groove, thus:

Length of passages=.l45 ft. Number of passages=52 Altitude of V-groove==.0l146 inch Side length of V-groove=.'0l324 inch In Fig. 6 is shown a somewhat-similararrangement to that previously described except that the grooves ll have been placed on the inside face of the sleeve 42, rather than on the outside of plug to, there being no essential difference in principle of operation between the two arrangements iown, but certain manufacturing considerations possibly suggesting a use of one construction under some circumstances, and another under different conditiens.

Gaskets 55 help to seal the grooved capillary nozzle assembly in pf. and prevent leakage of liquid at this point, and bushings 52 and 53 are provided in the shell in which the valve is mounted. A locking ring 5 5 which screws onto the outside of 58 and bears against 53 which has theretofore been screwed onto 52, is used to fasten the valve assembly in place within said bushings. A non-metallic bushing 53 forms a firm seal between the bushings when 53 is tightened, and a rubber gasket 56 prevents the leakage of water from the water bath in which the Valve may be surrounded, as for cooling purposes.

The nozzle assembly 2'. is preferably provided with curved vanes 51, and inward curving outer ring 58 is so designed as to project an inward turning, whirling stream of carbonated water against the syrup stream issuing from nozzlepiece 35, thus facilitating an adequate and proper mixing of syrup and water.

In order that the fiow of syrup from the syrup chamber 59 may take place, it is necessary to provide a means of entry for air to replace syrup, and this is accomplished by means of air-vent tube 3'2 and rubber check-valve 33, the latter being made of very soft and flexible rubber, and so designed that a very slight downward suction in the syrup chamber 59 will create a flow of air downward through the check-valve into the tank. The purpose of the check-valve itself is to prevent syrup from backing up into the air-vent tube during the operation of filling chamber 59, and the reason for wishing to prevent this is that there would otherwise occur a small error in the amount of syrup discharged, depending upon the level of syrup in tank !3. For example, if the tank were virtually empty, then the syrup would only back up into tube 32 in small quantity, and this would be discharged when the valve became operative, but, on the other hand, if the tank were practically full, then during the filling operation syrup would back up into the air-vent tube to the level of syrup in said tank, under which circumstances the amount of syrup discharged would be appreciably greater than when the lower level of fluid prevailed. This arrangement permits of great accuracy in measuring the quantity of syrup to be dispensed under varying conditions.

The operation of the instant dispenser is as follows:

When the valve is in disuse and no how is oc curring, springs 2! and 24 force the syrup tube 23 and the outer-sleeve 28 to their full upward position, and because said syrup tube is in such position, the how shut-cit valve 29 is seated on the upper end 3d of syrup nozzle 35 thereby shutting off any possible flow of syrup through this tube. Both a positive valve action, and, due to the relatively small diameter of the tube, a utilization of principles of physics inherent in a pipette, are thus employed in guaranteeing that not the slightest drop of syrup will escape under these conditions. This is obviously desirable from a sanitary standpoint, as escaping s rup attracts flies and other undesirable insects vermin.

The whole valve assembly 28 is also raised so that the supply shut-off valve 3c is clear of its seat and syrup is now free to enter the syrup chamber 59, the air then displaced from said chamber escaping upwardly through the syrup into tank 53. The rubber check-valve 3i prevents the entry of syrup into the vent tube 32, as has been described heretofore. With the valve in the closed position the upward pressure of the spring 25 forces outer-sleeve 28 to the full-up position and through the flange 59 and push-rods it, forces shut-off valve it and the rubber valvedisks 17 against valve seat bushing 15, thus preventing any iiow of carbonated water. Valve insert 5G is merely a dummy, provided to prevent unbalanced forces on the valve 15.

When it is required to operate the dispenser, downward pressure is applied to the operating lugs 5%, which pressure is transmitted to the syrup tube 23, which is thereby drawn downward. During the first part of this motion the outer-sleeve 20 does not move. The downward 1 10 motion of syrup tube 23 first permits the supply shut-off valve 3G to reach its seat 36 and shut off the supply of syrup; and then begins to draw away from the flow shut-ofi valve 29. At this point, the lower extension of the syrup tube nut 25 contacts the upper end of the outer-sleeve 20 and begins to force it downwardly, which motion releases the upward pressure of rods it against valve !5 and thus permits the carbonated water valve to open. It will be seen that through this mechanism there is provided a simultaneous opening of the syrup valve 29 and the carbonated water valve it, which is important because it makes it impossible for the operator to draw either carbonated water or syrup alone from the valve at this time, the valve only dispensing the two ingredients together. When the carbonated water valve i5 is open the full carbonated water pressure is applied to the upper end of the grooved capillary nozzle assembly, and the carbonated water flows downwardly through the V-shaped capillaries, at such a rate as to fulfill the two basic requirements of the capillary nozzle, to-wit, that all or substantially all of the potential energy of the lisuid be used up by friction and that streamline flow be maintained throughout.

Because these passages are appreciably larger in size than the .002 of an inch passages described in my said pending application, Serial No. 480,108, the exit velocity of the liquid is higher, and it becomes necessary by some means to destroy or nullify such velocity in order that the carbonated water leaving the nozzle may not churn up the liquid in the receptacle into which it discharges, too violently. It is for this purpose that the gradually enlarged annular space 45 is provided, and. as the water discharges from the lower end of the V-shaped grooves 4| it enters this space, whereupon fine screen wire 46 offers sufficient retarding efiect to the stream so that the annular space #5 readilybecomes filled with liquid. When this condition obtains there is produced a Venturi effect, in which the velocity of the liquid is reduced in direct proportion to the enlargement of the space. Thus, by the timethe liquid reaches the large end of 45, it is flowing at low velocity, and is in suitable condition'for entering a container without undue agitation By way of example, but not of limitation, it may be noted that in the present nozzle grooves have been used, the depth of which from the center of the base to the peak is .011 of an inch, this representing an opening almost six times as great as in the case of the initial capillary nozzle described in my said patent application; advantages in manufacture and cleaning the present arrangement being readily apparent. I

As the highly carbonated water passes through screen 46 it encounters the inwardly curved surface of outer ring 45 and likewise impacts against curved vanes 51, whereby an inwardly turned, whirling stream of water merges with the syrup stream issuing from nozzle 35, the result being a thoroughly mixed, highly carbonated and delicious finished drink.

Upon release of pressure on the operating lugs 6!, the device automatically returns to closed position, valve IE seating against i5 and stopping the flow of carbonated water; valve 29 seating at as and stopping the flow of carbonated water; valve 23 seating at 3A and stopping al1 flow of syrup through nozzle 35; and valve 30 unseating at 35 in order that syrup chamber 59 may immediately fill in anticipation of another dispensing operation. f

An important feature of the instant invention is the ease with which the syrup system may be drained and cleaned, it being a common. failing of dispensing valves that syrup measuring elefmentspare frequently scaled up and inaccessible, or otherwise not readily cleanable. When it is desirable to wash out the syrup system of the instant valve, it is only necessary to lift out the entiresyrup valve assembly 28 by lifting upwardly on the handle 33, which handle is preferably above'the-le'vel of-the syrup in tank l3. When tlie' syrup valve assembly has been withdrawn, whatever syrup remains inthe tank and the syrup chamber is run out through syrup tube 23 and nozzle35, and may be caught in a suitable contain'er. When drainage is complete, the entire .syrup system, including the tank I3, the syrup chamber 59, the syrup tube 23, and the syrup rnozzle35maybe thoroughly cleaned and washed, -allrof :these parts being open to visual inspection :duringsucnprocedure.

'l'l'herstructureshown is simple and economical to: manufacture, all major parts being cylindrical .andsusceptible of screw -machine production,

which suggests the :practicability of making these dispensers on .alargesscale.

,lirom 'the foregoing it will be apparent that there-.hasbeen describeda new and improved ldevicerof the instant type capable of dispensing .a :highly carbonated, thoroughly mixed, quality drink. That nosyrupcan escapefrom the syrup .nozzlebetween operations; that the entire as- ,semblyis readily cleaned; and that simplicity of mperation and economy of manufacture are inherent inthedevice.

While there has been described herein a pre .ferredembodiment of the instant invention, and .a. modification .of the new grooved-type capil vnozzlait will be understood that no limitation is imp1ied thereby,,.but on the contrary, appropriate modifications, rearrangements, reconstructions, .changesand .thelike may be resorted to without departing fromlthe gscopezofthe appended claims, .which..are to beaccorded.aconstruction fairly in keeping with thecontributionto the art.

.Having thus described the invention, what is claimed-as new anddesired to besecured by-LettersBatent. is

.1 In .a @device of the character described, a syrup tank, a syrup measuring chamber positionedtherein, filtering means between the tank and chamber, a valve regulating the entrance of syrup-into the .chamber, a check-valve in said chamber, a syrup tube communicating with the chamber, a syrup nozzle on theend of said tube, .a.flow regulating valve in said tube, spring means normally retaining said :valvein a closed position concurrently with the valve between the chamher and .tank being in an open position. a car- .bonated .water inlet, .a valve governing said inlet, spring means normally holding said valve in a .closed position, means forming V-shaped apertures-of such length, size and hydraulic radius as to use .upsubstantially all of the pressure energy of the fluid, in friction, and at the same time .maintain streamline flow in the fluid,,disposed ad- ,jacent said carbonated water inlet, fluid velocity reducing means adjacent the discharge ends of said. apertures, a nozzle adjacent said restricting means having an inwardly-turned surface and, vanes in said nozzle, whereby a stream of carbonated water is given a whirling motion and directed towards syrup issuing from the syrup nozzle.

2. In a device of the character described, a

syrup tank, a syrup measuring chamber adjacent thereto, a valve between said tank'and chamber, a syrup tube communicating with said chamber, a syrup nozzle on the end of said tube, a valve in said tube, means co-ordinating said valve with said first-mentioned valve whereby same is opened only when said first-mentioned valve is closed; a carbonated water inlet, valve meansgoverning said inlet and being co-ordinated with the valve in said syrup tube so as to open simultaneously therewith, means formin V-shaped apertures of such length, size and hydraulic radius as to use up substantiallyall of the pressure energy of the fluid, in friction, and at the same time maintain streamline flow in the fluid, disposed adjacent said carbonated water inlet, fluid velocity reducing means adjacent the discharge ends of said apertures, nozzle means operatively positioned with reference to said discharge ends, and vanes in said nozzle for the purpose of imparting a whirling motion to fluid issuing therefrom and dirBCtil'lgSllCh against a column of syrup simultaneously issuing from the syrup nozzle.

3. In a device of the character described, a syrup tank, a syrup measuring chamber adjacent thereto, and a removable syrupvalve assembly disposed in the tank, said assembly including a check-valve communicating with said chamber and permittin air to replace syrup during .a withdrawing operation, valve means between the chamber and tank governing the how of syrup into the chamber; a discharge tube communicating with said chamber, valve means in tube governing the flow of syrup therethrough, and handle means adjacent the top of said chamber for removing the syrup valve assembly.

4. In a device of the character described, a carbonated water inlet, and a capillary nozzle communicatin therewith, nozzle comprising an interior plug, a plurality of longitudinal grooves therein, said grooves being of such length, size and hydraulic radius as to use up substantially all of the pressure energy of the fluidjin friction, and at the same time maintain streamline flow in the fluid, a sleeve surrounding the ex terior surface of said plug, an enlarged annular space formed in said sleeve and plug adjacent the discharge ends of said grooves, and fluid velocity retarding means disposed across the discharge end of said annular space.

5. In a beverage dispenser, a syrup tank, a syrup measuring chamber adjacent thereto, and a removable syrup valve assembly disposed in the tank, said assembly including valve means between the chamber and the tank governingthe flow of syrup into the chamber, discharge means in said chamber, valve means governing the how of syrup therethrough, and means adjacent the top of said chamber for removing the syrup valve assembly from the tank.

6. In a beverage dispenser, a syrup tank, a syrup measuring chamber adjacent thereto, and a removable syrup valve assembly disposed inthe tank and chamber, said assembly including valve means governing the entrance of syrup into'the chamber, means for discharging syrup from' said chamber, and a valve governing last mentioned means, said valve only being allowed to open when the initial syrup controlling valve is closed; and means adjacent the top of said chamher for removing the syrup valve assembly from the dispenser.

BRUCE G. COPPING. (References on following page) REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Calvert June 29, 1915 Hess Apr. 25, 1916 Wooten Dec. 17, 1918 England et a1 Sept. 19, 1922 Number 14 Name Date Kraft et a1. Apr. 24, 1923 Holderle et a1. May 5, 1925 Leibing Mar. 6, 1928 Shaffer Jan. 15, 1929 Dawson Jan. 17, 1933 Bijur May 8, 1934 Friederich et a1. Dec. 18, 1934 Smith May 31, 1938 Bennett et a1 Oct. 4, 1938 Rice Jan. 2. 1940 

